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Our modern society grows vertically, meaning that lifts are essential elements to guarantee that people can access residential, commercial or public spaces. In this scenario, the maintenance of lift parts is essential to ensure the maximum service life of the lift and its proper functioning over time.
Starting from this, preventive maintenance is key. This involves timely inspection, adjustment and repair of lift components to prevent failures from causing more serious problems and leading to service interruptions or costly repairs.
One important benefit of preventive maintenance is safety. Carrying out periodic inspections can identify wear or minor damage in safety systems such as cables, movement detection sensors, etc. However, it also brings long-term economic benefits, both by avoiding major, costly failures and by extending the service life of the lift.
Lift service life: which components wear out and why?
As mentioned above, preventive maintenance focuses on the inspection and care of the various components that make up the structure and operation of the lift. Next, we’re going to tell you which components experience the greatest wear, why, and why they are important.
Safety systems
When we talk about lift safety systems, we are referring to brakes, motion detection sensors, safety breaks, and speed limiters. In addition, emergency buttons and telephones are sometimes considered at this point, as well as limit switches, which stop the lift when it is close to the final stops. All these must be checked periodically to increase the service life of the lift.
The instantaneous or progressive safety brakes, together with the speed limiter, play a fundamental role in the safety of the lift and the people inside. They are designed to hold the lift in position in the event of an emergency, such as excessive speed or failure of the lift system.
If we consider motion detection sensors, these can be pressure, infrared or ultrasonic and send a signal to the control system to detain or prevent the doors from closing if abnormal movement is detected. The main reason why they experience wear is that they are constantly exposed to friction and tension. If they don’t work correctly, they’re putting people’s safety at risk.
Electronics
Electronics play a crucial role in lifts, ranging from control panels to call systems, circuits and safety devices. The control panel receives information from all the different devices and sensors and is responsible for coordinating all lift operations. The call systems are those which allow the user to request the lift to stop. The control circuits are responsible for transmitting electrical signals to the main controller.
These components often suffer wear as a result of exposure to humidity, high temperatures or the normal wear and tear that comes with continuous use. Electronic component maintenance includes regularly checking connections and cleaning or replacing faulty parts.
Suspension cables and guide cables
In lifts, the cables are responsible for supporting the load and ensuring that the movement is smooth and gentle. This leads to them being subjected to constant stress and friction, resulting in corrosion, wear and, in some cases, breakage.
The main roles of lift cables include:
- Load support: support the weight of the lift and its load while maintaining stability during the operation of the lift.
- Stability and Alignment: the cables connect to counterweights and maintain the balance and stability of the lift as it moves vertically. Proper cable alignment and tension ensures smooth and controlled travel.
- Safety: the cables are designed to be strong and durable. They are designed to ensure that in case of cable breakage the remaining cables can support the load and stop the lift safely.
Regular inspections of these components are key, as they allow you to identify signs of wear such as loose wires or visible cables. It is also necessary to identify possible damage to the protective covers. The timely replacement of cables and ropes that are worn is essential to avoid possible accidents.
Bearings, gears and pulleys
Finally, the bearings, gears and pulleys are critical mechanical components in the operation and service life of a lift. They are the parts that allow the efficient movement of the lift. However, the constant load and friction can cause them to wear out if proper maintenance is not carried out.
Bearings are used at various points in the lifting system. They are responsible for reducing friction and achieving correct movement of rotating components. Gears are used to transmit the movement and power of the motor to the pulleys that mobilise the lift. Lastly, pulleys are used in traction systems and are connected to cables or ropes to transmit force from the motor when raising and lowering the cabin.
In general, the maintenance of these components includes periodically lubricating and checking them, replacing parts when necessary. It’s important to remember that excessive wear on the bearings, gears and pulleys can affect the performance of the lift, increase energy consumption and generate annoying noises.
Extend the service life of your lift with Aszende
Because maintenance and preventive maintenance are so important for the safety and service life of the lift, it is essential to go to professionals who are trained for the job. They are the people who can effectively identify and address problems before they tun into major, potentially dangerous and costly failures.
Aszende is a manufacturer of lifts and lifting devices with more than 45 years of experience. The company is made up of technical professionals who offer installation and maintenance services to ensure the safety and efficiency of vertical transport systems. Contact us if you want to put the maintenance of your lift in the best hands, modernise your lift or discuss any aspect related to vertical transport systems.
Miguel Collado Pérez
Aszende Repairs Department.
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